NORTHFIELD BOARD OF EDUCATION FILE CODE: 5114 Northfield, New Jersey X Monitored
X Mandated Policy X Other Reasons
SUSPENSION AND EXPULSION
While the board believes that positive approaches to acceptable behavior are usually more effective, it is sometimes necessary to penalize students for violations of school regulations to ensure the good order of the school and to teach students the consequences of disruptive behavior.
Students who indulge in disruptive behavior may be suspended or expelled. Disruptive behavior includes, but is not limited to:
A. Continued and willful disobedience;
B. Open defiance of the authority of any teacher or person having authority over a student;
C. Actions that constitute a continuing danger to the physical well-being of other students;
D. Physical assault upon another student, a teacher, or any school employee with or without a firearm or other weapon;
E. Taking, or attempting to take, personal property or money from another student whether by force or fear;
F. Willfully causing, or attempting to cause, substantial damage to school property;
G. Taking part in any unauthorized occupancy of a district facility and refusing to leave promptly when directed to do so by a person in authority;
H. Inciting others to take part in an unauthorized occupancy;
I. Inciting other students to truancy;
J. Truancy and class cutting; leaving school property without permission;
K. Poor attendance and lateness;
L. Use or possession of unsafe or illegal articles;
M. Use of any tobacco product on school property;
N. Use, possession or sale of a controlled dangerous substance, drug paraphernalia, anabolic steroids or alcohol;
O. Use of profanity or abusive language;
P. Turning in a false alarm;
Q. Tampering with or damaging property of other students or staff members;
R. Selling or buying lottery tickets or any other gambling paraphernalia on school property;
I. Harassment, intimidation or bullying
Any student who commits an assault (as defined by N.J.S.A. 2C:12-1) with or without a weapon upon a board member, teacher, administrator or other employee of the board of education shall be suspended from school immediately according to procedural due process, and suspension or expulsion proceedings shall begin no later than 30 calendar days from the date of the student’s suspension.
Any student who is convicted or adjudicated delinquent for possession of a firearm or a crime while armed with a firearm or found knowingly in possession of a firearm on any school property or on a school bus or at a school-sponsored function shall be immediately removed from the school’s regular education program for a period of not less than one calendar year. The Superintendent of Schools may modify this suspension on a case-by-case basis. Each student so removed shall be placed in an alternative educational program or on home instruction and shall be entitled to a hearing before the board. The hearing shall take place no later than 30 days following the day the student is removed from the regular education program and shall be closed to the public.
The principal shall be responsible for the removal of such students and shall immediately report them to the Superintendent of Schools. The principal shall also notify the appropriate law enforcement agency of a possible violation of the New Jersey Code of Criminal Justice.
The Superintendent of Schools shall determine at the end of the year whether the student is prepared to return to the regular education program, in accordance with procedures established by the Commissioner of Education.
Definition
A. For purposes of this policy, “suspension” shall be the temporary exclusion by the school principal of a student from a regular school program.
B. “Expulsion” shall be the permanent exclusion of a student from the schools of this district. No student below the age of sixteen should be expelled from school without provision for an alternate educational program.
In-school Suspension
The board directs the administration to arrange facilities for in-school suspension whenever possible. Students will be required to occupy themselves with school-related work during such suspensions. No socializing shall be permitted. Students shall be counted as present in school but absent (excused) from individual classes.
General
Students on home suspension shall be counted absent (excused) unless the duration of the suspension requires home instruction.
Except when special considerations warrant (at the discretion of the administration), every student will be given a written warning in the form of a disciplinary notice that subsequent violation of school regulations may result in his/her exclusion or suspension.
Students under suspension are prohibited from participating in or attending any school-regulated activity during the period of their suspension. They may not enter the school buildings or grounds of this district without the permission of the Superintendent of Schools. Any student under suspension who enters the school buildings or grounds without the permission of the Superintendent of Schools may have the period of his/her suspension extended. The right to continue the suspension or to expel is reserved to the board of education, acting upon the recommendation of the administration.
Serious violations of school regulations which create a dangerous or unsafe condition for other students shall cause a student to be suspended upon the first offense.
Making up Missed Work
Students who are under suspension will be required to make up all assignments missed during the period of their suspension and will be given adequate opportunity to make up this work.
Upon their readmission, failure to complete the makeup assignments will result in a meeting with the parents/guardians. The administrator will notify parents/guardians by telephone and send a letter regarding the telephone conversation immediately.
Procedures
The administration shall establish, and the board shall approve, specific procedures for dealing with suspension cases. Regulations ensuring due process to all students before a suspension is imposed shall be developed with the advice of the board attorney and shall include at least:
A. Informing the student of the charges against him/her;
B. Giving the student a chance to reply to them.
These regulations shall also include safeguards for the dismissal of students suspended from school, procedures for calling an immediate conference with parents/guardians, limitations on the length of suspensions, and specifics for the reinstatement of students.
Every effort shall be made to adjust each suspension promptly so that the student can be returned to school with a minimum loss of school time and school work.
When the Superintendent of Schools imposes a suspension, he/she must report it to the board. No suspension for reasons other than assault upon a teacher, administrator, board member or other board employee may continue beyond the second regular meeting of the board following the suspension without board action. No suspension for assault upon a teacher, administrator, board member or other board employee may be continued beyond 30 days without board action. A suspended student may be reinstated by the Superintendent of Schools before board action.
Each student shall be afforded an informal hearing before the suspension or, if circumstances prohibit, as soon as possible after the suspension except that, when extraordinary circumstances involving the health and safety of the student or others in the school require immediate exclusion, the hearing may be delayed to such time as circumstances permit. Students suspended for a period of time longer than a short-term suspension shall be afforded a formal hearing before the board which shall take place not later than the second regular meeting of the board following the suspension. If the offense involves a weapon or assault with or without the weapon (as described above), the hearing shall take place not later than 30 days after the suspension occurs.
The board shall make a decision within five days of the close of the hearing. Any appeal of the board’s decision shall be made to the Commissioner of Education within 90 days of the board’s decision.
The board requires that such hearings shall be closed to the public, but should all parties thereto agree, the hearing may be publicly held. Each suspended student who has requested a formal hearing shall be restored to the regular educational program pending the outcome of the hearing, except when, in the opinion of the Superintendent of Schools, the presence of the student in school poses such a danger to himself/herself or
SUSPENSION AND EXPULSION (continued) others as to warrant continued absence. Each such student suspended from the schools of this district shall receive individual instruction commencing
not later than five working days after the suspension occurs, except that the board may, on the recommendation of the Superintendent of Schools, assign the student to an alternate educational program to meet his/her particular needs (see policy #6172).
Expulsion The board will consider expulsion only if:
A. The Superintendent of Schools with his/her staff have exhausted all means of bringing about a correction of repeated misconduct; or
B. The nature of a single act presents such a clear possibility of danger to others that immediate definitive action is indicated.
The parents/guardians of the student shall be interviewed, if possible, and advised of the reasons why expulsion is being considered, of the rights of the student to a full hearing which will afford him/her procedural due process, and the right of parents/guardians to appeal to the Superintendent of Schools.
The child shall remain out of school until either:
A. An appeal made to the Superintendent of Schools is decided in the child’s favor; or
B. The appeal (if made) has been denied and the board has met to hear the Superintendent of Schools’ recommendation.
If the board determines that the charges, if true, may warrant expulsion, the board will set a date for the hearing. The board attorney will arrange for the giving of legal notice to all parties concerned for the preparation and presentation of evidence in support of the charges at the hearing.
The student must receive:
A. Notification of the charges against him/her;
B. The names of the adverse witnesses;
C. Copies of the statements and affidavits of those adverse witnesses;
D. The opportunity to be heard in his/her own defense;
E. The opportunity to present witnesses and evidence in his/her own defense;
F. The opportunity to cross-examine adverse witnesses; and
G. The opportunity to be represented by counsel. Juvenile authorities and law enforcement agencies shall be notified or consulted if necessary. If a student younger than 18 years of age is expelled, the board shall continue to supply an educational
program for him/her.
Delegation of Responsibility
The Superintendent of Schools shall develop rules and regulations to implement this policy which shall include: the promulgation of standards of behavior to all students in accordance with board policy on student discipline; procedures that insure due process in the deprivation of a student’s rights to attend school; and include, as a minimum, provisions for:
A. An informal hearing: specification of charges, an opportunity to be heard and a means to appeal a decision to suspend;
B. A formal hearing: notice of a hearing; specification of charges in writing; an opportunity for the student to be heard in his/her own defense and to cross-examine witnesses against him/her; to be represented by counsel; to a record of the hearing and a copy of the transcript thereof, at the expense of the student; and means of appeal of an administrative decision to the next highest administrative authority.
Implementation
The Superintendent of Schools shall develop detailed written procedures to implement this policy. He/she shall ensure uniform and consistent application of the policy and shall report to the board as required on its effectiveness.
When an alternative educational program is provided for a student identified as disruptive but not disabled, the Superintendent of Schools shall inform the board.
Adopted: No Date NJSBA Review/Update: November 2009; December 2010; July 2011 Readopted: October 24, 2011
Key Words
Suspension, Expulsion, Student Suspension/Expulsion, Student Suspension/Expulsion
Legal References: N.J.S.A. 2C:12-1 Definition of assault
- 18A:11-1 General mandatory powers and duties
- 18A:37-1 et seq. Discipline of students See particularly:
- 18A:37-2.1 through -2.5, 18A:37-7 through -12
- 18A:40A-1 et seq. Substance abuse See particularly:
- 18A:40A-9, -10, -11, -12
- 18A:54-20 Powers of board (county vocational schools)
6A:14-2.8 Discipline/suspension/expulsions
6A:16-1.1 et seq. Programs to Support Student Development See particularly:
6A:16-1.3, -4.3, -5.1, -5.5, -5.6, -5.7
6A:30-1.1 et seq. Evaluation of the Performance of School Districts
6A:32-2.1 Definitions
6A:32-12.2 School-level planning
20 U.S.C.A. 1400 et seq. – Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of
P.L. 103-382, Improving America’s Schools Act of 1994
Goss v. Lopez, 419 U.S. 565, 581 (1975)
Tibbs v. Franklin Township Board of Education, 114 N.J. Super. 287 (App. Div.) aff’d 59 NJ 506 (1971)
R.R. v. Shore Reg. Board of Education, 109 N.J. Super. 337 (Ch. Div. 1970)
H.A. v. Board of Education Warren Hills Regional, 1976 S.L.D. 336
82: July 28, C.F. v. Board of Education of the Upper Freehold Regional School District
Honig v. Doe, 484 U.S. 305 (1988)
Somerset County Educational Services Commission v. North Plainfield Board of Education 1999 S.L.D. September 7
State in re G.S. 330 N.J. Super. 383 (Ch. Div. 2000)
See also Commissioners’ Decisions indexed under “Students—Punishment of” in Index to N.J. School Law Decisions
A Uniform State Memorandum of Agreement Between Education and Law Enforcement Officials
Possible
Cross References: *5113 Absences and excuses *5124 Reporting to parents/guardians *5131 Conduct/discipline *5131.5 Vandalism/violence *5131.6 Drugs, alcohol, tobacco (substance abuse) *5131.7 Weapons and dangerous instruments *6154 Homework/makeup work *6164.2 Guidance services *6164.4 Child study team *6171.4 Special education *6172 Alternative educational programs *6173 Home instruction
*Indicates policy is included in the Critical Policy Reference Manual.